Radix Ophiopogonis Extract

Radix Ophiopogonis extract, derived from the dried tuberous roots of Ophiopogon japonicus (L. f.) Ker-Gawl., is a standardized botanical preparation widely utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and increasingly validated by modern pharmacological research. Its primary bioactive constituents include steroidal saponins—such as ophiopogonin D, DT-13, and their derivatives—alongside polysaccharides (OJPs), high-isoflavonoids, and amino acids. These compounds collectively confer a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, including potent antioxidant effects through scavenging of reactive oxygen species, anti-inflammatory actions via suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6, and immunomodulatory properties that enhance macrophage phagocytosis and T-cell regulation. Cardiovascular protection is a well-documented application: the extract improves myocardial contractility at low doses, increases coronary flow, and mitigates arrhythmias induced by ischemia or chemical agents, while high doses may exert inhibitory effects, indicating a dose-dependent biphasic response. Hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic activities have also been confirmed in preclinical models, with polysaccharides shown to enhance insulin sensitivity and reduce hepatic gluconeogenesis. In neuroprotection, ophiopogonin D and OJPs inhibit neuronal apoptosis and attenuate MPP+-induced toxicity in dopaminergic cells, suggesting potential in Parkinson’s disease research. Clinically, it is traditionally prescribed to nourish yin, moisten the lungs, and clear heart fire, addressing conditions such as dry cough, throat dryness, insomnia, and palpitations. Modern applications extend to functional foods, dietary supplements, and adjunctive therapy in oncology due to its ability to reduce chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity without compromising antitumor efficacy.