Pine Bark Extract

Pine Bark Extract: A Comprehensive Overview Introduction Pine bark extract, derived from the bark of various pine tree species, has garnered significant attention in recent years for its potential health benefits. This natural substance, rich in bioactive compounds, is widely used in dietary supplements, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. The extract is obtained from the bark of the maritime pine (Pinus pinaster), which is native to the western Mediterranean region, including countries like Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, and Morocco. The extract is commercially available under the brand name Pycnogenol, which also refers to a group of compounds containing proanthocyanidins sourced from other natural materials such as grape seeds. This article provides an in-depth exploration of pine bark extract, covering its composition, extraction process, health benefits, applications, and safety considerations. Composition and Extraction Pine bark extract is a complex biochemical compound primarily composed of proanthocyanidins, which are a class of polyphenolic bioflavonoids known for their antioxidant properties. The exact molecular formula of pine bark extract can vary depending on the source and extraction method, but a commonly referenced form is C30H26O12. These compounds are naturally occurring organic substances that play a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress. The extraction process involves solvent extraction using ethanol or water under controlled heat conditions to preserve the bioactivity of the active constituents. French scientist Jacques Masquelier first isolated oligomeric proanthocyanidins—the key active components of pine bark extract—in the 1940s. His research focused on identifying compounds that could strengthen capillary walls and improve vascular health.