Rutin (NF 11)

Rutin, also known as vitamin P or sophorin, is a bioflavonoid compound widely recognized for its potent antioxidant properties and beneficial effects on vascular health. Classified under the broader category of flavonoids, rutin is a glycoside of the flavonol quercetin, which means it consists of quercetin bonded to the disaccharide rutinose. This unique structure endows rutin with enhanced solubility and bioavailability compared to its aglycone form, quercetin. Rutin is naturally found in a variety of plants, including buckwheat, citrus fruits, apples, and green tea, which are common dietary sources of this valuable compound. The primary mechanism of action of rutin revolves around its antioxidant activity. As a powerful free radical scavenger, rutin helps neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) that contribute to oxidative stress and cellular damage. Oxidative stress is implicated in numerous chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, and cancer. By mitigating oxidative damage, rutin plays a protective role in maintaining cellular integrity and function. Additionally, rutin exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). These effects contribute to its ability to reduce inflammation in conditions like arthritis and atherosclerosis. Rutin’s impact on vascular health is particularly noteworthy. It strengthens capillary walls by promoting collagen synthesis and reducing capillary permeability, which helps prevent bruising and bleeding. This makes rutin beneficial for individuals with conditions such as hemorrhoids, varicose veins, and easy bruising. Furthermore, rutin has been shown to improve blood circulation by enhancing endothelial function and reducing platelet aggregation.