Citron（lemon peel）Extract

Citron (Lemon Peel) Extract: A Comprehensive Overview Citron, often referred to as lemon peel extract, is derived from the zest of citrus fruits, primarily the lemon (Citrus limon). This extract is renowned for its rich composition of bioactive compounds, including essential oils, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, which contribute to its diverse applications in food, medicine, and cosmetics. The citrus family, to which lemon belongs, is characterized by its thorny trees and shrubs, yielding fruits with thick, textured skins that are a treasure trove of beneficial substances. Composition and Extraction Methods The peel of the lemon is a concentrated source of essential oils, primarily composed of limonene, which imparts the characteristic citrus aroma. Additionally, it contains flavonoids such as hesperidin and naringin, which are known for their antioxidant properties. Phenolic compounds like ferulic acid and caffeic acid are also present, contributing to the extract's antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. Extraction methods vary, with common techniques including cold pressing, steam distillation, and solvent extraction. Cold pressing is preferred for its ability to preserve the delicate aromatic compounds, while solvent extraction using ethanol or methanol can yield a higher concentration of flavonoids and phenolic acids. The choice of method significantly influences the extract's composition, with some techniques enhancing specific bioactive properties. Applications in Food Preservation Lemon peel extract has been extensively studied for its role in food preservation. Its antimicrobial properties, attributed to compounds like citric acid and phloroglucinol derivatives, make it effective against a range of bacteria, including those responsible for food spoilage. Studies have demonstrated that incorporating lemon extract into products such as sausages can significantly reduce aerobic bacterial counts, extending shelf life without compromising taste